diff --git a/api/db/services/dialog_service.py b/api/db/services/dialog_service.py
index 43e345cd2..cd6a9a4ba 100644
--- a/api/db/services/dialog_service.py
+++ b/api/db/services/dialog_service.py
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 #  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 #  limitations under the License.
 #
+import asyncio
 import binascii
 import logging
 import re
@@ -21,7 +22,6 @@ from copy import deepcopy
 from datetime import datetime
 from functools import partial
 from timeit import default_timer as timer
-import trio
 from langfuse import Langfuse
 from peewee import fn
 from agentic_reasoning import DeepResearcher
@@ -931,5 +931,5 @@ def gen_mindmap(question, kb_ids, tenant_id, search_config={}):
         rank_feature=label_question(question, kbs),
     )
     mindmap = MindMapExtractor(chat_mdl)
-    mind_map = trio.run(mindmap, [c["content_with_weight"] for c in ranks["chunks"]])
+    mind_map = asyncio.run(mindmap([c["content_with_weight"] for c in ranks["chunks"]]))
     return mind_map.output
diff --git a/api/db/services/document_service.py b/api/db/services/document_service.py
index 395dcad83..43adf5d8e 100644
--- a/api/db/services/document_service.py
+++ b/api/db/services/document_service.py
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 #  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 #  limitations under the License.
 #
+import asyncio
 import json
 import logging
 import random
@@ -22,7 +23,6 @@ from copy import deepcopy
 from datetime import datetime
 from io import BytesIO
 
-import trio
 import xxhash
 from peewee import fn, Case, JOIN
 
@@ -999,7 +999,7 @@ def doc_upload_and_parse(conversation_id, file_objs, user_id):
             from graphrag.general.mind_map_extractor import MindMapExtractor
             mindmap = MindMapExtractor(llm_bdl)
             try:
-                mind_map = trio.run(mindmap, [c["content_with_weight"] for c in docs if c["doc_id"] == doc_id])
+                mind_map = asyncio.run(mindmap([c["content_with_weight"] for c in docs if c["doc_id"] == doc_id]))
                 mind_map = json.dumps(mind_map.output, ensure_ascii=False, indent=2)
                 if len(mind_map) < 32:
                     raise Exception("Few content: " + mind_map)
diff --git a/api/utils/api_utils.py b/api/utils/api_utils.py
index 8f17e1de0..53cb1ce02 100644
--- a/api/utils/api_utils.py
+++ b/api/utils/api_utils.py
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
 #  limitations under the License.
 #
 
+import asyncio
 import functools
 import inspect
 import json
@@ -25,7 +26,6 @@ from functools import wraps
 from typing import Any
 
 import requests
-import trio
 from quart import (
     Response,
     jsonify,
@@ -681,18 +681,36 @@ async def is_strong_enough(chat_model, embedding_model):
     async def _is_strong_enough():
         nonlocal chat_model, embedding_model
         if embedding_model:
-            with trio.fail_after(10):
-                _ = await trio.to_thread.run_sync(lambda: embedding_model.encode(["Are you strong enough!?"]))
+            await asyncio.wait_for(
+                asyncio.to_thread(embedding_model.encode, ["Are you strong enough!?"]),
+                timeout=10
+            )
+
         if chat_model:
-            with trio.fail_after(30):
-                res = await trio.to_thread.run_sync(lambda: chat_model.chat("Nothing special.", [{"role": "user", "content": "Are you strong enough!?"}], {}))
-            if res.find("**ERROR**") >= 0:
+            res = await asyncio.wait_for(
+                asyncio.to_thread(
+                    chat_model.chat,
+                    "Nothing special.",
+                    [{"role": "user", "content": "Are you strong enough!?"}],
+                    {}
+                ),
+                timeout=30
+            )
+            if "**ERROR**" in res:
                 raise Exception(res)
 
     # Pressure test for GraphRAG task
-    async with trio.open_nursery() as nursery:
-        for _ in range(count):
-            nursery.start_soon(_is_strong_enough)
+    tasks = [
+        asyncio.create_task(_is_strong_enough())
+        for _ in range(count)
+    ]
+    try:
+        await asyncio.gather(*tasks, return_exceptions=False)
+    except Exception as e:
+        for t in tasks:
+            t.cancel()
+        await asyncio.gather(*tasks, return_exceptions=True)
+        raise
 
 
 def get_allowed_llm_factories() -> list:
diff --git a/common/connection_utils.py b/common/connection_utils.py
index 5b8154f0c..86ebc371d 100644
--- a/common/connection_utils.py
+++ b/common/connection_utils.py
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ import queue
 import threading
 from typing import Any, Callable, Coroutine, Optional, Type, Union
 import asyncio
-import trio
 from functools import wraps
 from quart import make_response, jsonify
 from common.constants import RetCode
@@ -70,11 +69,10 @@ def timeout(seconds: float | int | str = None, attempts: int = 2, *, exception:
             for a in range(attempts):
                 try:
                     if os.environ.get("ENABLE_TIMEOUT_ASSERTION"):
-                        with trio.fail_after(seconds):
-                            return await func(*args, **kwargs)
+                        return await asyncio.wait_for(func(*args, **kwargs), timeout=seconds)
                     else:
                         return await func(*args, **kwargs)
-                except trio.TooSlowError:
+                except asyncio.TimeoutError:
                     if a < attempts - 1:
                         continue
                     if on_timeout is not None:
diff --git a/graphrag/entity_resolution.py b/graphrag/entity_resolution.py
index 7ffc52538..9e99fe941 100644
--- a/graphrag/entity_resolution.py
+++ b/graphrag/entity_resolution.py
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 #  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 #  limitations under the License.
 #
+import asyncio
 import logging
 import itertools
 import os
@@ -21,7 +22,6 @@ from dataclasses import dataclass
 from typing import Any, Callable
 
 import networkx as nx
-import trio
 
 from graphrag.general.extractor import Extractor
 from rag.nlp import is_english
@@ -101,35 +101,55 @@ class EntityResolution(Extractor):
         remain_candidates_to_resolve = num_candidates
 
         resolution_result = set()
-        resolution_result_lock = trio.Lock()
+        resolution_result_lock = asyncio.Lock()
         resolution_batch_size = 100
         max_concurrent_tasks = 5
-        semaphore = trio.Semaphore(max_concurrent_tasks)
+        semaphore = asyncio.Semaphore(max_concurrent_tasks)
 
         async def limited_resolve_candidate(candidate_batch, result_set, result_lock):
             nonlocal remain_candidates_to_resolve, callback
             async with semaphore:
                 try:
                     enable_timeout_assertion = os.environ.get("ENABLE_TIMEOUT_ASSERTION")
-                    with trio.move_on_after(280 if enable_timeout_assertion else 1000000000) as cancel_scope:
-                        await self._resolve_candidate(candidate_batch, result_set, result_lock, task_id)
-                        remain_candidates_to_resolve = remain_candidates_to_resolve - len(candidate_batch[1])
-                        callback(msg=f"Resolved {len(candidate_batch[1])} pairs, {remain_candidates_to_resolve} are remained to resolve. ")
-                    if cancel_scope.cancelled_caught:
+                    timeout_sec = 280 if enable_timeout_assertion else 1_000_000_000
+
+                    try:
+                        await asyncio.wait_for(
+                            self._resolve_candidate(candidate_batch, result_set, result_lock, task_id),
+                            timeout=timeout_sec
+                        )
+                        remain_candidates_to_resolve -= len(candidate_batch[1])
+                        callback(
+                            msg=f"Resolved {len(candidate_batch[1])} pairs, "
+                                f"{remain_candidates_to_resolve} remain."
+                        )
+
+                    except asyncio.TimeoutError:
                         logging.warning(f"Timeout resolving {candidate_batch}, skipping...")
-                        remain_candidates_to_resolve = remain_candidates_to_resolve - len(candidate_batch[1])
-                        callback(msg=f"Fail to resolved {len(candidate_batch[1])} pairs due to timeout reason, skipped. {remain_candidates_to_resolve} are remained to resolve. ")
+                        remain_candidates_to_resolve -= len(candidate_batch[1])
+                        callback(
+                            msg=f"Failed to resolve {len(candidate_batch[1])} pairs due to timeout, skipped. "
+                                f"{remain_candidates_to_resolve} remain."
+                        )
+
                 except Exception as e:
                     logging.error(f"Error resolving candidate batch: {e}")
 
 
-        async with trio.open_nursery() as nursery:
-            for candidate_resolution_i in candidate_resolution.items():
-                if not candidate_resolution_i[1]:
-                    continue
-                for i in range(0, len(candidate_resolution_i[1]), resolution_batch_size):
-                    candidate_batch = candidate_resolution_i[0], candidate_resolution_i[1][i:i + resolution_batch_size]
-                    nursery.start_soon(limited_resolve_candidate, candidate_batch, resolution_result, resolution_result_lock)
+        tasks = []
+        for key, lst in candidate_resolution.items():
+            if not lst:
+                continue
+            for i in range(0, len(lst), resolution_batch_size):
+                batch = (key, lst[i:i + resolution_batch_size])
+                tasks.append(limited_resolve_candidate(batch, resolution_result, resolution_result_lock))
+        try:
+            await asyncio.gather(*tasks, return_exceptions=False)
+        except Exception as e:
+            for t in tasks:
+                t.cancel()
+            await asyncio.gather(*tasks, return_exceptions=True)
+            raise
 
         callback(msg=f"Resolved {num_candidates} candidate pairs, {len(resolution_result)} of them are selected to merge.")
 
@@ -141,10 +161,18 @@ class EntityResolution(Extractor):
             async with semaphore:
                 await self._merge_graph_nodes(graph, nodes, change, task_id)
 
-        async with trio.open_nursery() as nursery:
-            for sub_connect_graph in nx.connected_components(connect_graph):
-                merging_nodes = list(sub_connect_graph)
-                nursery.start_soon(limited_merge_nodes, graph, merging_nodes, change)
+        tasks = []
+        for sub_connect_graph in nx.connected_components(connect_graph):
+            merging_nodes = list(sub_connect_graph)
+            tasks.append(asyncio.create_task(limited_merge_nodes(graph, merging_nodes, change))
+            )
+        try:
+            await asyncio.gather(*tasks, return_exceptions=False)
+        except Exception as e:
+            for t in tasks:
+                t.cancel()
+            await asyncio.gather(*tasks, return_exceptions=True)
+            raise
 
         # Update pagerank
         pr = nx.pagerank(graph)
@@ -156,7 +184,7 @@ class EntityResolution(Extractor):
             change=change,
         )
 
-    async def _resolve_candidate(self, candidate_resolution_i: tuple[str, list[tuple[str, str]]], resolution_result: set[str], resolution_result_lock: trio.Lock, task_id: str = ""):
+    async def _resolve_candidate(self, candidate_resolution_i: tuple[str, list[tuple[str, str]]], resolution_result: set[str], resolution_result_lock: asyncio.Lock, task_id: str = ""):
         if task_id:
             if has_canceled(task_id):
                 logging.info(f"Task {task_id} cancelled during entity resolution candidate processing.")
@@ -178,13 +206,22 @@ class EntityResolution(Extractor):
         text = perform_variable_replacements(self._resolution_prompt, variables=variables)
         logging.info(f"Created resolution prompt {len(text)} bytes for {len(candidate_resolution_i[1])} entity pairs of type {candidate_resolution_i[0]}")
         async with chat_limiter:
+            timeout_seconds = 280 if os.environ.get("ENABLE_TIMEOUT_ASSERTION") else 1000000000
             try:
-                enable_timeout_assertion = os.environ.get("ENABLE_TIMEOUT_ASSERTION")
-                with trio.move_on_after(280 if enable_timeout_assertion else 1000000000) as cancel_scope:
-                    response = await trio.to_thread.run_sync(self._chat, text, [{"role": "user", "content": "Output:"}], {}, task_id)
-                if cancel_scope.cancelled_caught:
-                    logging.warning("_resolve_candidate._chat timeout, skipping...")
-                    return
+                response = await asyncio.wait_for(
+                    asyncio.to_thread(
+                        self._chat,
+                        text,
+                        [{"role": "user", "content": "Output:"}],
+                        {},
+                        task_id
+                    ),
+                    timeout=timeout_seconds,
+                )
+
+            except asyncio.TimeoutError:
+                logging.warning("_resolve_candidate._chat timeout, skipping...")
+                return
             except Exception as e:
                 logging.error(f"_resolve_candidate._chat failed: {e}")
                 return
diff --git a/graphrag/general/community_reports_extractor.py b/graphrag/general/community_reports_extractor.py
index 09634fb4d..734a5401d 100644
--- a/graphrag/general/community_reports_extractor.py
+++ b/graphrag/general/community_reports_extractor.py
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ Reference:
  - [graphrag](https://github.com/microsoft/graphrag)
 """
 
+import asyncio
 import logging
 import json
 import os
@@ -24,7 +25,6 @@ from graphrag.general.leiden import add_community_info2graph
 from rag.llm.chat_model import Base as CompletionLLM
 from graphrag.utils import perform_variable_replacements, dict_has_keys_with_types, chat_limiter
 from common.token_utils import num_tokens_from_string
-import trio
 
 
 @dataclass
@@ -101,14 +101,11 @@ class CommunityReportsExtractor(Extractor):
             text = perform_variable_replacements(self._extraction_prompt, variables=prompt_variables)
             async with chat_limiter:
                 try:
-                    with trio.move_on_after(180 if enable_timeout_assertion else 1000000000) as cancel_scope:
-                        if task_id and has_canceled(task_id):
-                            logging.info(f"Task {task_id} cancelled before LLM call.")
-                            raise TaskCanceledException(f"Task {task_id} was cancelled")
-                        response = await trio.to_thread.run_sync( self._chat, text, [{"role": "user", "content": "Output:"}], {}, task_id)
-                    if cancel_scope.cancelled_caught:
-                        logging.warning("extract_community_report._chat timeout, skipping...")
-                        return
+                    timeout = 180 if enable_timeout_assertion else 1000000000
+                    response = await asyncio.wait_for(asyncio.to_thread(self._chat,text,[{"role": "user", "content": "Output:"}],{},task_id),timeout=timeout)
+                except asyncio.TimeoutError:
+                    logging.warning("extract_community_report._chat timeout, skipping...")
+                    return
                 except Exception as e:
                     logging.error(f"extract_community_report._chat failed: {e}")
                     return
@@ -141,17 +138,24 @@ class CommunityReportsExtractor(Extractor):
             if callback:
                 callback(msg=f"Communities: {over}/{total}, used tokens: {token_count}")
 
-        st = trio.current_time()
-        async with trio.open_nursery() as nursery:
-            for level, comm in communities.items():
-                logging.info(f"Level {level}: Community: {len(comm.keys())}")
-                for community in comm.items():
-                    if task_id and has_canceled(task_id):
-                        logging.info(f"Task {task_id} cancelled before community processing.")
-                        raise TaskCanceledException(f"Task {task_id} was cancelled")
-                    nursery.start_soon(extract_community_report, community)
+        st = asyncio.get_running_loop().time()
+        tasks = []
+        for level, comm in communities.items():
+            logging.info(f"Level {level}: Community: {len(comm.keys())}")
+            for community in comm.items():
+                if task_id and has_canceled(task_id):
+                    logging.info(f"Task {task_id} cancelled before community processing.")
+                    raise TaskCanceledException(f"Task {task_id} was cancelled")
+                tasks.append(asyncio.create_task(extract_community_report(community)))
+        try:
+            await asyncio.gather(*tasks, return_exceptions=False)
+        except Exception as e:
+            for t in tasks:
+                t.cancel()
+            await asyncio.gather(*tasks, return_exceptions=True)
+            raise
         if callback:
-            callback(msg=f"Community reports done in {trio.current_time() - st:.2f}s, used tokens: {token_count}")
+            callback(msg=f"Community reports done in {asyncio.get_running_loop().time() - st:.2f}s, used tokens: {token_count}")
 
         return CommunityReportsResult(
             structured_output=res_dict,
diff --git a/graphrag/general/extractor.py b/graphrag/general/extractor.py
index 495e562ed..8549985e6 100644
--- a/graphrag/general/extractor.py
+++ b/graphrag/general/extractor.py
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 #  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 #  limitations under the License.
 #
+import asyncio
 import logging
 import os
 import re
@@ -21,7 +22,6 @@ from copy import deepcopy
 from typing import Callable
 
 import networkx as nx
-import trio
 
 from api.db.services.task_service import has_canceled
 from common.connection_utils import timeout
@@ -109,14 +109,14 @@ class Extractor:
 
     async def __call__(self, doc_id: str, chunks: list[str], callback: Callable | None = None, task_id: str = ""):
         self.callback = callback
-        start_ts = trio.current_time()
+        start_ts = asyncio.get_running_loop().time()
 
         async def extract_all(doc_id, chunks, max_concurrency=MAX_CONCURRENT_PROCESS_AND_EXTRACT_CHUNK, task_id=""):
             out_results = []
             error_count = 0
             max_errors = int(os.environ.get("GRAPHRAG_MAX_ERRORS", 3))
 
-            limiter = trio.Semaphore(max_concurrency)
+            limiter = asyncio.Semaphore(max_concurrency)
 
             async def worker(chunk_key_dp: tuple[str, str], idx: int, total: int, task_id=""):
                 nonlocal error_count
@@ -137,9 +137,18 @@ class Extractor:
                         if error_count > max_errors:
                             raise Exception(f"Maximum error count ({max_errors}) reached. Last errors: {str(e)}")
 
-            async with trio.open_nursery() as nursery:
-                for i, ck in enumerate(chunks):
-                    nursery.start_soon(worker, (doc_id, ck), i, len(chunks), task_id)
+            tasks = [
+                asyncio.create_task(worker((doc_id, ck), i, len(chunks), task_id))
+                for i, ck in enumerate(chunks)
+            ]
+
+            try:
+                await asyncio.gather(*tasks, return_exceptions=False)
+            except Exception as e:
+                for t in tasks:
+                    t.cancel()
+                await asyncio.gather(*tasks, return_exceptions=True)
+                raise
 
             if error_count > 0:
                 warning_msg = f"Completed with {error_count} errors (out of {len(chunks)} chunks processed)"
@@ -166,7 +175,7 @@ class Extractor:
             for k, v in m_edges.items():
                 maybe_edges[tuple(sorted(k))].extend(v)
             sum_token_count += token_count
-        now = trio.current_time()
+        now = asyncio.get_running_loop().time()
         if self.callback:
             self.callback(msg=f"Entities and relationships extraction done, {len(maybe_nodes)} nodes, {len(maybe_edges)} edges, {sum_token_count} tokens, {now - start_ts:.2f}s.")
         start_ts = now
@@ -176,14 +185,22 @@ class Extractor:
         if task_id and has_canceled(task_id):
             raise TaskCanceledException(f"Task {task_id} was cancelled before nodes merging")
 
-        async with trio.open_nursery() as nursery:
-            for en_nm, ents in maybe_nodes.items():
-                nursery.start_soon(self._merge_nodes, en_nm, ents, all_entities_data, task_id)
+        tasks = [
+            asyncio.create_task(self._merge_nodes(en_nm, ents, all_entities_data, task_id))
+            for en_nm, ents in maybe_nodes.items()
+        ]
+        try:
+            await asyncio.gather(*tasks, return_exceptions=False)
+        except Exception as e:
+            for t in tasks:
+                t.cancel()
+            await asyncio.gather(*tasks, return_exceptions=True)
+            raise
 
         if task_id and has_canceled(task_id):
             raise TaskCanceledException(f"Task {task_id} was cancelled after nodes merging")
 
-        now = trio.current_time()
+        now = asyncio.get_running_loop().time()
         if self.callback:
             self.callback(msg=f"Entities merging done, {now - start_ts:.2f}s.")
 
@@ -194,14 +211,25 @@ class Extractor:
         if task_id and has_canceled(task_id):
             raise TaskCanceledException(f"Task {task_id} was cancelled before relationships merging")
 
-        async with trio.open_nursery() as nursery:
-            for (src, tgt), rels in maybe_edges.items():
-                nursery.start_soon(self._merge_edges, src, tgt, rels, all_relationships_data, task_id)
+        tasks = []
+        for (src, tgt), rels in maybe_edges.items():
+            tasks.append(
+                asyncio.create_task(
+                    self._merge_edges(src, tgt, rels, all_relationships_data, task_id)
+                )
+            )
+        try:
+            await asyncio.gather(*tasks, return_exceptions=False)
+        except Exception as e:
+            for t in tasks:
+                t.cancel()
+            await asyncio.gather(*tasks, return_exceptions=True)
+            raise
 
         if task_id and has_canceled(task_id):
             raise TaskCanceledException(f"Task {task_id} was cancelled after relationships merging")
 
-        now = trio.current_time()
+        now = asyncio.get_running_loop().time()
         if self.callback:
             self.callback(msg=f"Relationships merging done, {now - start_ts:.2f}s.")
 
@@ -309,5 +337,5 @@ class Extractor:
             raise TaskCanceledException(f"Task {task_id} was cancelled during summary handling")
 
         async with chat_limiter:
-            summary = await trio.to_thread.run_sync(self._chat, "", [{"role": "user", "content": use_prompt}], {}, task_id)
+            summary = await asyncio.to_thread(self._chat, "", [{"role": "user", "content": use_prompt}], {}, task_id)
         return summary
diff --git a/graphrag/general/graph_extractor.py b/graphrag/general/graph_extractor.py
index d156fcb2e..f2bc7949f 100644
--- a/graphrag/general/graph_extractor.py
+++ b/graphrag/general/graph_extractor.py
@@ -5,11 +5,11 @@ Reference:
  - [graphrag](https://github.com/microsoft/graphrag)
 """
 
+import asyncio
 import re
 from typing import Any
 from dataclasses import dataclass
 import tiktoken
-import trio
 
 from graphrag.general.extractor import Extractor, ENTITY_EXTRACTION_MAX_GLEANINGS
 from graphrag.general.graph_prompt import GRAPH_EXTRACTION_PROMPT, CONTINUE_PROMPT, LOOP_PROMPT
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ class GraphExtractor(Extractor):
         }
         hint_prompt = perform_variable_replacements(self._extraction_prompt, variables=variables)
         async with chat_limiter:
-            response = await trio.to_thread.run_sync(self._chat, hint_prompt, [{"role": "user", "content": "Output:"}], {}, task_id)
+            response = await asyncio.to_thread(self._chat,hint_prompt,[{"role": "user", "content": "Output:"}],{},task_id)
         token_count += num_tokens_from_string(hint_prompt + response)
 
         results = response or ""
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ class GraphExtractor(Extractor):
         for i in range(self._max_gleanings):
             history.append({"role": "user", "content": CONTINUE_PROMPT})
             async with chat_limiter:
-                response = await trio.to_thread.run_sync(lambda: self._chat("", history, {}))
+                response = await asyncio.to_thread(self._chat, "", history, {})
             token_count += num_tokens_from_string("\n".join([m["content"] for m in history]) + response)
             results += response or ""
 
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ class GraphExtractor(Extractor):
             history.append({"role": "assistant", "content": response})
             history.append({"role": "user", "content": LOOP_PROMPT})
             async with chat_limiter:
-                continuation = await trio.to_thread.run_sync(lambda: self._chat("", history))
+                continuation = await asyncio.to_thread(self._chat, "", history)
             token_count += num_tokens_from_string("\n".join([m["content"] for m in history]) + response)
             if continuation != "Y":
                 break
diff --git a/graphrag/general/index.py b/graphrag/general/index.py
index f307e5d91..813027e38 100644
--- a/graphrag/general/index.py
+++ b/graphrag/general/index.py
@@ -13,12 +13,12 @@
 #  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 #  limitations under the License.
 #
+import asyncio
 import json
 import logging
 import os
 
 import networkx as nx
-import trio
 
 from api.db.services.document_service import DocumentService
 from api.db.services.task_service import has_canceled
@@ -54,25 +54,35 @@ async def run_graphrag(
     callback,
 ):
     enable_timeout_assertion = os.environ.get("ENABLE_TIMEOUT_ASSERTION")
-    start = trio.current_time()
+    start = asyncio.get_running_loop().time()
     tenant_id, kb_id, doc_id = row["tenant_id"], str(row["kb_id"]), row["doc_id"]
     chunks = []
     for d in settings.retriever.chunk_list(doc_id, tenant_id, [kb_id], max_count=10000, fields=["content_with_weight", "doc_id"], sort_by_position=True):
         chunks.append(d["content_with_weight"])
 
-    with trio.fail_after(max(120, len(chunks) * 60 * 10) if enable_timeout_assertion else 10000000000):
-        subgraph = await generate_subgraph(
-            LightKGExt if "method" not in row["kb_parser_config"].get("graphrag", {}) or row["kb_parser_config"]["graphrag"]["method"] != "general" else GeneralKGExt,
-            tenant_id,
-            kb_id,
-            doc_id,
-            chunks,
-            language,
-            row["kb_parser_config"]["graphrag"].get("entity_types", []),
-            chat_model,
-            embedding_model,
-            callback,
+    timeout_sec = max(120, len(chunks) * 60 * 10) if enable_timeout_assertion else 10000000000
+
+    try:
+        subgraph = await asyncio.wait_for(
+            generate_subgraph(
+                LightKGExt if "method" not in row["kb_parser_config"].get("graphrag", {})
+                    or row["kb_parser_config"]["graphrag"]["method"] != "general"
+                else GeneralKGExt,
+                tenant_id,
+                kb_id,
+                doc_id,
+                chunks,
+                language,
+                row["kb_parser_config"]["graphrag"].get("entity_types", []),
+                chat_model,
+                embedding_model,
+                callback,
+            ),
+            timeout=timeout_sec,
         )
+    except asyncio.TimeoutError:
+        logging.error("generate_subgraph timeout")
+        raise
 
     if not subgraph:
         return
@@ -125,7 +135,7 @@ async def run_graphrag(
             )
     finally:
         graphrag_task_lock.release()
-    now = trio.current_time()
+    now = asyncio.get_running_loop().time()
     callback(msg=f"GraphRAG for doc {doc_id} done in {now - start:.2f} seconds.")
     return
 
@@ -145,7 +155,7 @@ async def run_graphrag_for_kb(
 ) -> dict:
     tenant_id, kb_id = row["tenant_id"], row["kb_id"]
     enable_timeout_assertion = os.environ.get("ENABLE_TIMEOUT_ASSERTION")
-    start = trio.current_time()
+    start = asyncio.get_running_loop().time()
     fields_for_chunks = ["content_with_weight", "doc_id"]
 
     if not doc_ids:
@@ -211,7 +221,7 @@ async def run_graphrag_for_kb(
         callback(msg=f"[GraphRAG] kb:{kb_id} has no available chunks in all documents, skip.")
         return {"ok_docs": [], "failed_docs": doc_ids, "total_docs": len(doc_ids), "total_chunks": 0, "seconds": 0.0}
 
-    semaphore = trio.Semaphore(max_parallel_docs)
+    semaphore = asyncio.Semaphore(max_parallel_docs)
 
     subgraphs: dict[str, object] = {}
     failed_docs: list[tuple[str, str]] = []  # (doc_id, error)
@@ -234,20 +244,28 @@ async def run_graphrag_for_kb(
             try:
                 msg = f"[GraphRAG] build_subgraph doc:{doc_id}"
                 callback(msg=f"{msg} start (chunks={len(chunks)}, timeout={deadline}s)")
-                with trio.fail_after(deadline):
-                    sg = await generate_subgraph(
-                        kg_extractor,
-                        tenant_id,
-                        kb_id,
-                        doc_id,
-                        chunks,
-                        language,
-                        kb_parser_config.get("graphrag", {}).get("entity_types", []),
-                        chat_model,
-                        embedding_model,
-                        callback,
-                        task_id=row["id"]
+
+                try:
+                    sg = await asyncio.wait_for(
+                        generate_subgraph(
+                            kg_extractor,
+                            tenant_id,
+                            kb_id,
+                            doc_id,
+                            chunks,
+                            language,
+                            kb_parser_config.get("graphrag", {}).get("entity_types", []),
+                            chat_model,
+                            embedding_model,
+                            callback,
+                            task_id=row["id"]
+                        ),
+                        timeout=deadline,
                     )
+                except asyncio.TimeoutError:
+                    failed_docs.append((doc_id, "timeout"))
+                    callback(msg=f"{msg} FAILED: timeout")
+                    return
                 if sg:
                     subgraphs[doc_id] = sg
                     callback(msg=f"{msg} done")
@@ -264,9 +282,14 @@ async def run_graphrag_for_kb(
         callback(msg=f"Task {row['id']} cancelled before processing documents.")
         raise TaskCanceledException(f"Task {row['id']} was cancelled")
 
-    async with trio.open_nursery() as nursery:
-        for doc_id in doc_ids:
-            nursery.start_soon(build_one, doc_id)
+    tasks = [asyncio.create_task(build_one(doc_id)) for doc_id in doc_ids]
+    try:
+        await asyncio.gather(*tasks, return_exceptions=False)
+    except Exception as e:
+        for t in tasks:
+            t.cancel()
+        await asyncio.gather(*tasks, return_exceptions=True)
+        raise
 
     if has_canceled(row["id"]):
         callback(msg=f"Task {row['id']} cancelled after document processing.")
@@ -275,7 +298,7 @@ async def run_graphrag_for_kb(
     ok_docs = [d for d in doc_ids if d in subgraphs]
     if not ok_docs:
         callback(msg=f"[GraphRAG] kb:{kb_id} no subgraphs generated successfully, end.")
-        now = trio.current_time()
+        now = asyncio.get_running_loop().time()
         return {"ok_docs": [], "failed_docs": failed_docs, "total_docs": len(doc_ids), "total_chunks": total_chunks, "seconds": now - start}
 
     kb_lock = RedisDistributedLock(f"graphrag_task_{kb_id}", lock_value="batch_merge", timeout=1200)
@@ -313,7 +336,7 @@ async def run_graphrag_for_kb(
         kb_lock.release()
 
     if not with_resolution and not with_community:
-        now = trio.current_time()
+        now = asyncio.get_running_loop().time()
         callback(msg=f"[GraphRAG] KB merge done in {now - start:.2f}s. ok={len(ok_docs)} / total={len(doc_ids)}")
         return {"ok_docs": ok_docs, "failed_docs": failed_docs, "total_docs": len(doc_ids), "total_chunks": total_chunks, "seconds": now - start}
 
@@ -356,7 +379,7 @@ async def run_graphrag_for_kb(
     finally:
         kb_lock.release()
 
-    now = trio.current_time()
+    now = asyncio.get_running_loop().time()
     callback(msg=f"[GraphRAG] GraphRAG for KB {kb_id} done in {now - start:.2f} seconds. ok={len(ok_docs)} failed={len(failed_docs)} total_docs={len(doc_ids)} total_chunks={total_chunks}")
     return {
         "ok_docs": ok_docs,
@@ -388,7 +411,7 @@ async def generate_subgraph(
     if contains:
         callback(msg=f"Graph already contains {doc_id}")
         return None
-    start = trio.current_time()
+    start = asyncio.get_running_loop().time()
     ext = extractor(
         llm_bdl,
         language=language,
@@ -436,9 +459,9 @@ async def generate_subgraph(
         "removed_kwd": "N",
     }
     cid = chunk_id(chunk)
-    await trio.to_thread.run_sync(settings.docStoreConn.delete, {"knowledge_graph_kwd": "subgraph", "source_id": doc_id}, search.index_name(tenant_id), kb_id)
-    await trio.to_thread.run_sync(settings.docStoreConn.insert, [{"id": cid, **chunk}], search.index_name(tenant_id), kb_id)
-    now = trio.current_time()
+    await asyncio.to_thread(settings.docStoreConn.delete,{"knowledge_graph_kwd": "subgraph", "source_id": doc_id},search.index_name(tenant_id),kb_id,)
+    await asyncio.to_thread(settings.docStoreConn.insert,[{"id": cid, **chunk}],search.index_name(tenant_id),kb_id,)
+    now = asyncio.get_running_loop().time()
     callback(msg=f"generated subgraph for doc {doc_id} in {now - start:.2f} seconds.")
     return subgraph
 
@@ -452,7 +475,7 @@ async def merge_subgraph(
     embedding_model,
     callback,
 ):
-    start = trio.current_time()
+    start = asyncio.get_running_loop().time()
     change = GraphChange()
     old_graph = await get_graph(tenant_id, kb_id, subgraph.graph["source_id"])
     if old_graph is not None:
@@ -468,7 +491,7 @@ async def merge_subgraph(
         new_graph.nodes[node_name]["pagerank"] = pagerank
 
     await set_graph(tenant_id, kb_id, embedding_model, new_graph, change, callback)
-    now = trio.current_time()
+    now = asyncio.get_running_loop().time()
     callback(msg=f"merging subgraph for doc {doc_id} into the global graph done in {now - start:.2f} seconds.")
     return new_graph
 
@@ -490,7 +513,7 @@ async def resolve_entities(
         callback(msg=f"Task {task_id} cancelled during entity resolution.")
         raise TaskCanceledException(f"Task {task_id} was cancelled")
 
-    start = trio.current_time()
+    start = asyncio.get_running_loop().time()
     er = EntityResolution(
         llm_bdl,
     )
@@ -505,7 +528,7 @@ async def resolve_entities(
         raise TaskCanceledException(f"Task {task_id} was cancelled")
 
     await set_graph(tenant_id, kb_id, embed_bdl, graph, change, callback)
-    now = trio.current_time()
+    now = asyncio.get_running_loop().time()
     callback(msg=f"Graph resolution done in {now - start:.2f}s.")
 
 
@@ -524,7 +547,7 @@ async def extract_community(
         callback(msg=f"Task {task_id} cancelled before community extraction.")
         raise TaskCanceledException(f"Task {task_id} was cancelled")
 
-    start = trio.current_time()
+    start = asyncio.get_running_loop().time()
     ext = CommunityReportsExtractor(
         llm_bdl,
     )
@@ -538,7 +561,7 @@ async def extract_community(
     community_reports = cr.output
     doc_ids = graph.graph["source_id"]
 
-    now = trio.current_time()
+    now = asyncio.get_running_loop().time()
     callback(msg=f"Graph extracted {len(cr.structured_output)} communities in {now - start:.2f}s.")
     start = now
     if task_id and has_canceled(task_id):
@@ -568,16 +591,10 @@ async def extract_community(
         chunk["content_sm_ltks"] = rag_tokenizer.fine_grained_tokenize(chunk["content_ltks"])
         chunks.append(chunk)
 
-    await trio.to_thread.run_sync(
-        lambda: settings.docStoreConn.delete(
-            {"knowledge_graph_kwd": "community_report", "kb_id": kb_id},
-            search.index_name(tenant_id),
-            kb_id,
-        )
-    )
+    await asyncio.to_thread(settings.docStoreConn.delete,{"knowledge_graph_kwd": "community_report", "kb_id": kb_id},search.index_name(tenant_id),kb_id,)
     es_bulk_size = 4
     for b in range(0, len(chunks), es_bulk_size):
-        doc_store_result = await trio.to_thread.run_sync(lambda: settings.docStoreConn.insert(chunks[b : b + es_bulk_size], search.index_name(tenant_id), kb_id))
+        doc_store_result = await asyncio.to_thread(settings.docStoreConn.insert,chunks[b : b + es_bulk_size],search.index_name(tenant_id),kb_id,)
         if doc_store_result:
             error_message = f"Insert chunk error: {doc_store_result}, please check log file and Elasticsearch/Infinity status!"
             raise Exception(error_message)
@@ -586,6 +603,6 @@ async def extract_community(
         callback(msg=f"Task {task_id} cancelled after community indexing.")
         raise TaskCanceledException(f"Task {task_id} was cancelled")
 
-    now = trio.current_time()
+    now = asyncio.get_running_loop().time()
     callback(msg=f"Graph indexed {len(cr.structured_output)} communities in {now - start:.2f}s.")
     return community_structure, community_reports
diff --git a/graphrag/general/mind_map_extractor.py b/graphrag/general/mind_map_extractor.py
index c85579d3d..f944aec98 100644
--- a/graphrag/general/mind_map_extractor.py
+++ b/graphrag/general/mind_map_extractor.py
@@ -14,12 +14,12 @@
 #  limitations under the License.
 #
 
+import asyncio
 import logging
 import collections
 import re
 from typing import Any
 from dataclasses import dataclass
-import trio
 
 from graphrag.general.extractor import Extractor
 from graphrag.general.mind_map_prompt import MIND_MAP_EXTRACTION_PROMPT
@@ -89,17 +89,29 @@ class MindMapExtractor(Extractor):
         token_count = max(self._llm.max_length * 0.8, self._llm.max_length - 512)
         texts = []
         cnt = 0
-        async with trio.open_nursery() as nursery:
-            for i in range(len(sections)):
-                section_cnt = num_tokens_from_string(sections[i])
-                if cnt + section_cnt >= token_count and texts:
-                    nursery.start_soon(self._process_document, "".join(texts), prompt_variables, res)
-                    texts = []
-                    cnt = 0
-                texts.append(sections[i])
-                cnt += section_cnt
-            if texts:
-                nursery.start_soon(self._process_document, "".join(texts), prompt_variables, res)
+        tasks = []
+        for i in range(len(sections)):
+            section_cnt = num_tokens_from_string(sections[i])
+            if cnt + section_cnt >= token_count and texts:
+                tasks.append(asyncio.create_task(
+                    self._process_document("".join(texts), prompt_variables, res)
+                ))
+                texts = []
+                cnt = 0
+
+            texts.append(sections[i])
+            cnt += section_cnt
+        if texts:
+            tasks.append(asyncio.create_task(
+                self._process_document("".join(texts), prompt_variables, res)
+            ))
+        try:
+            await asyncio.gather(*tasks, return_exceptions=False)
+        except Exception as e:
+            for t in tasks:
+                t.cancel()
+            await asyncio.gather(*tasks, return_exceptions=True)
+            raise
         if not res:
             return MindMapResult(output={"id": "root", "children": []})
         merge_json = reduce(self._merge, res)
@@ -172,7 +184,7 @@ class MindMapExtractor(Extractor):
         }
         text = perform_variable_replacements(self._mind_map_prompt, variables=variables)
         async with chat_limiter:
-            response = await trio.to_thread.run_sync(lambda: self._chat(text, [{"role": "user", "content": "Output:"}], {}))
+            response = await asyncio.to_thread(self._chat,text,[{"role": "user", "content": "Output:"}],{})
         response = re.sub(r"```[^\n]*", "", response)
         logging.debug(response)
         logging.debug(self._todict(markdown_to_json.dictify(response)))
diff --git a/graphrag/general/smoke.py b/graphrag/general/smoke.py
index 5a04d9782..ba405e193 100644
--- a/graphrag/general/smoke.py
+++ b/graphrag/general/smoke.py
@@ -15,10 +15,10 @@
 #
 
 import argparse
+import asyncio
 import json
 import logging
 import networkx as nx
-import trio
 
 from common.constants import LLMType
 from api.db.services.document_service import DocumentService
@@ -107,4 +107,4 @@ async def main():
 
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
-    trio.run(main)
+    asyncio.run(main)
diff --git a/graphrag/light/graph_extractor.py b/graphrag/light/graph_extractor.py
index e698c2b9f..f507f4617 100644
--- a/graphrag/light/graph_extractor.py
+++ b/graphrag/light/graph_extractor.py
@@ -5,13 +5,13 @@ Reference:
  - [graphrag](https://github.com/microsoft/graphrag)
 """
 
+import asyncio
 import logging
 import re
 from dataclasses import dataclass
 from typing import Any
 
 import networkx as nx
-import trio
 
 from graphrag.general.extractor import ENTITY_EXTRACTION_MAX_GLEANINGS, Extractor
 from graphrag.light.graph_prompt import PROMPTS
@@ -86,13 +86,12 @@ class GraphExtractor(Extractor):
         if self.callback:
             self.callback(msg=f"Start processing for {chunk_key}: {content[:25]}...")
         async with chat_limiter:
-            final_result = await trio.to_thread.run_sync(self._chat, "", [{"role": "user", "content": hint_prompt}], gen_conf, task_id)
+            final_result = await asyncio.to_thread(self._chat,"",[{"role": "user", "content": hint_prompt}],gen_conf,task_id)
         token_count += num_tokens_from_string(hint_prompt + final_result)
         history = pack_user_ass_to_openai_messages(hint_prompt, final_result, self._continue_prompt)
         for now_glean_index in range(self._max_gleanings):
             async with chat_limiter:
-                # glean_result = await trio.to_thread.run_sync(lambda: self._chat(hint_prompt, history, gen_conf))
-                glean_result = await trio.to_thread.run_sync(self._chat, "", history, gen_conf, task_id)
+                glean_result = await asyncio.to_thread(self._chat,"",history,gen_conf,task_id)
             history.extend([{"role": "assistant", "content": glean_result}])
             token_count += num_tokens_from_string("\n".join([m["content"] for m in history]) + hint_prompt + self._continue_prompt)
             final_result += glean_result
@@ -101,7 +100,7 @@ class GraphExtractor(Extractor):
 
             history.extend([{"role": "user", "content": self._if_loop_prompt}])
             async with chat_limiter:
-                if_loop_result = await trio.to_thread.run_sync(self._chat, "", history, gen_conf, task_id)
+                if_loop_result = await asyncio.to_thread(self._chat,"",history,gen_conf,task_id)
             token_count += num_tokens_from_string("\n".join([m["content"] for m in history]) + if_loop_result + self._if_loop_prompt)
             if_loop_result = if_loop_result.strip().strip('"').strip("'").lower()
             if if_loop_result != "yes":
diff --git a/graphrag/light/smoke.py b/graphrag/light/smoke.py
index bd4107ce6..bfa3ca256 100644
--- a/graphrag/light/smoke.py
+++ b/graphrag/light/smoke.py
@@ -15,10 +15,10 @@
 #
 
 import argparse
+import asyncio
 import json
 import networkx as nx
 import logging
-import trio
 
 from common.constants import LLMType
 from api.db.services.document_service import DocumentService
@@ -93,4 +93,4 @@ async def main():
 
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
-    trio.run(main)
+    asyncio.run(main)
diff --git a/graphrag/search.py b/graphrag/search.py
index b3a0104e1..7399ea393 100644
--- a/graphrag/search.py
+++ b/graphrag/search.py
@@ -13,13 +13,13 @@
 #  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 #  limitations under the License.
 #
+import asyncio
 import json
 import logging
 from collections import defaultdict
 from copy import deepcopy
 import json_repair
 import pandas as pd
-import trio
 
 from common.misc_utils import get_uuid
 from graphrag.query_analyze_prompt import PROMPTS
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ class KGSearch(Dealer):
         return response
 
     def query_rewrite(self, llm, question, idxnms, kb_ids):
-        ty2ents = trio.run(lambda: get_entity_type2samples(idxnms, kb_ids))
+        ty2ents = asyncio.run(get_entity_type2samples(idxnms, kb_ids))
         hint_prompt = PROMPTS["minirag_query2kwd"].format(query=question,
                                                           TYPE_POOL=json.dumps(ty2ents, ensure_ascii=False, indent=2))
         result = self._chat(llm, hint_prompt, [{"role": "user", "content": "Output:"}], {})
diff --git a/graphrag/utils.py b/graphrag/utils.py
index 51a9c1abc..a39bdd2d7 100644
--- a/graphrag/utils.py
+++ b/graphrag/utils.py
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ Reference:
  - [LightRag](https://github.com/HKUDS/LightRAG)
 """
 
+import asyncio
 import dataclasses
 import html
 import json
@@ -19,7 +20,6 @@ from typing import Any, Callable, Set, Tuple
 
 import networkx as nx
 import numpy as np
-import trio
 import xxhash
 from networkx.readwrite import json_graph
 
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ GRAPH_FIELD_SEP = "<SEP>"
 
 ErrorHandlerFn = Callable[[BaseException | None, str | None, dict | None], None]
 
-chat_limiter = trio.CapacityLimiter(int(os.environ.get("MAX_CONCURRENT_CHATS", 10)))
+chat_limiter = asyncio.Semaphore(int(os.environ.get("MAX_CONCURRENT_CHATS", 10)))
 
 
 @dataclasses.dataclass
@@ -314,8 +314,11 @@ async def graph_node_to_chunk(kb_id, embd_mdl, ent_name, meta, chunks):
     ebd = get_embed_cache(embd_mdl.llm_name, ent_name)
     if ebd is None:
         async with chat_limiter:
-            with trio.fail_after(3 if enable_timeout_assertion else 30000000):
-                ebd, _ = await trio.to_thread.run_sync(lambda: embd_mdl.encode([ent_name]))
+            timeout = 3 if enable_timeout_assertion else 30000000
+            ebd, _ = await asyncio.wait_for(
+                asyncio.to_thread(embd_mdl.encode, [ent_name]),
+                timeout=timeout
+            )
         ebd = ebd[0]
         set_embed_cache(embd_mdl.llm_name, ent_name, ebd)
     assert ebd is not None
@@ -365,8 +368,14 @@ async def graph_edge_to_chunk(kb_id, embd_mdl, from_ent_name, to_ent_name, meta,
     ebd = get_embed_cache(embd_mdl.llm_name, txt)
     if ebd is None:
         async with chat_limiter:
-            with trio.fail_after(3 if enable_timeout_assertion else 300000000):
-                ebd, _ = await trio.to_thread.run_sync(lambda: embd_mdl.encode([txt + f": {meta['description']}"]))
+            timeout = 3 if enable_timeout_assertion else 300000000
+            ebd, _ = await asyncio.wait_for(
+                asyncio.to_thread(
+                    embd_mdl.encode,
+                    [txt + f": {meta['description']}"]
+                ),
+                timeout=timeout
+            )
         ebd = ebd[0]
         set_embed_cache(embd_mdl.llm_name, txt, ebd)
     assert ebd is not None
@@ -381,7 +390,11 @@ async def does_graph_contains(tenant_id, kb_id, doc_id):
         "knowledge_graph_kwd": ["graph"],
         "removed_kwd": "N",
     }
-    res = await trio.to_thread.run_sync(lambda: settings.docStoreConn.search(fields, [], condition, [], OrderByExpr(), 0, 1, search.index_name(tenant_id), [kb_id]))
+    res = await asyncio.to_thread(
+        settings.docStoreConn.search,
+        fields, [], condition, [], OrderByExpr(),
+        0, 1, search.index_name(tenant_id), [kb_id]
+    )
     fields2 = settings.docStoreConn.get_fields(res, fields)
     graph_doc_ids = set()
     for chunk_id in fields2.keys():
@@ -391,7 +404,12 @@ async def does_graph_contains(tenant_id, kb_id, doc_id):
 
 async def get_graph_doc_ids(tenant_id, kb_id) -> list[str]:
     conds = {"fields": ["source_id"], "removed_kwd": "N", "size": 1, "knowledge_graph_kwd": ["graph"]}
-    res = await trio.to_thread.run_sync(lambda: settings.retriever.search(conds, search.index_name(tenant_id), [kb_id]))
+    res = await asyncio.to_thread(
+        settings.retriever.search,
+        conds,
+        search.index_name(tenant_id),
+        [kb_id]
+    )
     doc_ids = []
     if res.total == 0:
         return doc_ids
@@ -402,7 +420,12 @@ async def get_graph_doc_ids(tenant_id, kb_id) -> list[str]:
 
 async def get_graph(tenant_id, kb_id, exclude_rebuild=None):
     conds = {"fields": ["content_with_weight", "removed_kwd", "source_id"], "size": 1, "knowledge_graph_kwd": ["graph"]}
-    res = await trio.to_thread.run_sync(settings.retriever.search, conds, search.index_name(tenant_id), [kb_id])
+    res = await asyncio.to_thread(
+        settings.retriever.search,
+        conds,
+        search.index_name(tenant_id),
+        [kb_id]
+    )
     if not res.total == 0:
         for id in res.ids:
             try:
@@ -421,26 +444,47 @@ async def get_graph(tenant_id, kb_id, exclude_rebuild=None):
 
 async def set_graph(tenant_id: str, kb_id: str, embd_mdl, graph: nx.Graph, change: GraphChange, callback):
     global chat_limiter
-    start = trio.current_time()
+    start = asyncio.get_running_loop().time()
 
-    await trio.to_thread.run_sync(settings.docStoreConn.delete, {"knowledge_graph_kwd": ["graph", "subgraph"]}, search.index_name(tenant_id), kb_id)
+    await asyncio.to_thread(
+        settings.docStoreConn.delete,
+        {"knowledge_graph_kwd": ["graph", "subgraph"]},
+        search.index_name(tenant_id),
+        kb_id
+    )
 
     if change.removed_nodes:
-        await trio.to_thread.run_sync(settings.docStoreConn.delete, {"knowledge_graph_kwd": ["entity"], "entity_kwd": sorted(change.removed_nodes)}, search.index_name(tenant_id), kb_id)
+        await asyncio.to_thread(
+            settings.docStoreConn.delete,
+            {"knowledge_graph_kwd": ["entity"], "entity_kwd": sorted(change.removed_nodes)},
+            search.index_name(tenant_id),
+            kb_id
+        )
 
     if change.removed_edges:
 
         async def del_edges(from_node, to_node):
             async with chat_limiter:
-                await trio.to_thread.run_sync(
-                    settings.docStoreConn.delete, {"knowledge_graph_kwd": ["relation"], "from_entity_kwd": from_node, "to_entity_kwd": to_node}, search.index_name(tenant_id), kb_id
+                await asyncio.to_thread(
+                    settings.docStoreConn.delete,
+                    {"knowledge_graph_kwd": ["relation"], "from_entity_kwd": from_node, "to_entity_kwd": to_node},
+                    search.index_name(tenant_id),
+                    kb_id
                 )
 
-        async with trio.open_nursery() as nursery:
-            for from_node, to_node in change.removed_edges:
-                nursery.start_soon(del_edges, from_node, to_node)
+        tasks = []
+        for from_node, to_node in change.removed_edges:
+            tasks.append(asyncio.create_task(del_edges(from_node, to_node)))
 
-    now = trio.current_time()
+        try:
+            await asyncio.gather(*tasks, return_exceptions=False)
+        except Exception as e:
+            for t in tasks:
+                t.cancel()
+            await asyncio.gather(*tasks, return_exceptions=True)
+            raise
+
+    now = asyncio.get_running_loop().time()
     if callback:
         callback(msg=f"set_graph removed {len(change.removed_nodes)} nodes and {len(change.removed_edges)} edges from index in {now - start:.2f}s.")
     start = now
@@ -475,24 +519,41 @@ async def set_graph(tenant_id: str, kb_id: str, embd_mdl, graph: nx.Graph, chang
             }
         )
 
-    async with trio.open_nursery() as nursery:
-        for ii, node in enumerate(change.added_updated_nodes):
-            node_attrs = graph.nodes[node]
-            nursery.start_soon(graph_node_to_chunk, kb_id, embd_mdl, node, node_attrs, chunks)
-            if ii % 100 == 9 and callback:
-                callback(msg=f"Get embedding of nodes: {ii}/{len(change.added_updated_nodes)}")
+    tasks = []
+    for ii, node in enumerate(change.added_updated_nodes):
+        node_attrs = graph.nodes[node]
+        tasks.append(asyncio.create_task(
+            graph_node_to_chunk(kb_id, embd_mdl, node, node_attrs, chunks)
+        ))
+        if ii % 100 == 9 and callback:
+            callback(msg=f"Get embedding of nodes: {ii}/{len(change.added_updated_nodes)}")
+    try:
+        await asyncio.gather(*tasks, return_exceptions=False)
+    except Exception as e:
+        for t in tasks:
+            t.cancel()
+        await asyncio.gather(*tasks, return_exceptions=True)
+        raise
 
-    async with trio.open_nursery() as nursery:
-        for ii, (from_node, to_node) in enumerate(change.added_updated_edges):
-            edge_attrs = graph.get_edge_data(from_node, to_node)
-            if not edge_attrs:
-                # added_updated_edges could record a non-existing edge if both from_node and to_node participate in nodes merging.
-                continue
-            nursery.start_soon(graph_edge_to_chunk, kb_id, embd_mdl, from_node, to_node, edge_attrs, chunks)
-            if ii % 100 == 9 and callback:
-                callback(msg=f"Get embedding of edges: {ii}/{len(change.added_updated_edges)}")
+    tasks = []
+    for ii, (from_node, to_node) in enumerate(change.added_updated_edges):
+        edge_attrs = graph.get_edge_data(from_node, to_node)
+        if not edge_attrs:
+            continue
+        tasks.append(asyncio.create_task(
+            graph_edge_to_chunk(kb_id, embd_mdl, from_node, to_node, edge_attrs, chunks)
+        ))
+        if ii % 100 == 9 and callback:
+            callback(msg=f"Get embedding of edges: {ii}/{len(change.added_updated_edges)}")
+    try:
+        await asyncio.gather(*tasks, return_exceptions=False)
+    except Exception as e:
+        for t in tasks:
+            t.cancel()
+        await asyncio.gather(*tasks, return_exceptions=True)
+        raise
 
-    now = trio.current_time()
+    now = asyncio.get_running_loop().time()
     if callback:
         callback(msg=f"set_graph converted graph change to {len(chunks)} chunks in {now - start:.2f}s.")
     start = now
@@ -500,14 +561,22 @@ async def set_graph(tenant_id: str, kb_id: str, embd_mdl, graph: nx.Graph, chang
     enable_timeout_assertion = os.environ.get("ENABLE_TIMEOUT_ASSERTION")
     es_bulk_size = 4
     for b in range(0, len(chunks), es_bulk_size):
-        with trio.fail_after(3 if enable_timeout_assertion else 30000000):
-            doc_store_result = await trio.to_thread.run_sync(lambda: settings.docStoreConn.insert(chunks[b : b + es_bulk_size], search.index_name(tenant_id), kb_id))
+        timeout = 3 if enable_timeout_assertion else 30000000
+        doc_store_result = await asyncio.wait_for(
+            asyncio.to_thread(
+                settings.docStoreConn.insert,
+                chunks[b : b + es_bulk_size],
+                search.index_name(tenant_id),
+                kb_id
+            ),
+            timeout=timeout
+        )
         if b % 100 == es_bulk_size and callback:
             callback(msg=f"Insert chunks: {b}/{len(chunks)}")
         if doc_store_result:
             error_message = f"Insert chunk error: {doc_store_result}, please check log file and Elasticsearch/Infinity status!"
             raise Exception(error_message)
-    now = trio.current_time()
+    now = asyncio.get_running_loop().time()
     if callback:
         callback(msg=f"set_graph added/updated {len(change.added_updated_nodes)} nodes and {len(change.added_updated_edges)} edges from index in {now - start:.2f}s.")
 
@@ -555,7 +624,7 @@ def merge_tuples(list1, list2):
 
 
 async def get_entity_type2samples(idxnms, kb_ids: list):
-    es_res = await trio.to_thread.run_sync(lambda: settings.retriever.search({"knowledge_graph_kwd": "ty2ents", "kb_id": kb_ids, "size": 10000, "fields": ["content_with_weight"]}, idxnms, kb_ids))
+    es_res = await asyncio.to_thread(settings.retriever.search,{"knowledge_graph_kwd": "ty2ents", "kb_id": kb_ids, "size": 10000, "fields": ["content_with_weight"]},idxnms,kb_ids)
 
     res = defaultdict(list)
     for id in es_res.ids:
@@ -588,8 +657,10 @@ async def rebuild_graph(tenant_id, kb_id, exclude_rebuild=None):
     flds = ["knowledge_graph_kwd", "content_with_weight", "source_id"]
     bs = 256
     for i in range(0, 1024 * bs, bs):
-        es_res = await trio.to_thread.run_sync(
-            lambda: settings.docStoreConn.search(flds, [], {"kb_id": kb_id, "knowledge_graph_kwd": ["subgraph"]}, [], OrderByExpr(), i, bs, search.index_name(tenant_id), [kb_id])
+        es_res = await asyncio.to_thread(
+            settings.docStoreConn.search,
+            flds, [], {"kb_id": kb_id, "knowledge_graph_kwd": ["subgraph"]},
+            [], OrderByExpr(), i, bs, search.index_name(tenant_id), [kb_id]
         )
         # tot = settings.docStoreConn.get_total(es_res)
         es_res = settings.docStoreConn.get_fields(es_res, flds)
diff --git a/rag/raptor.py b/rag/raptor.py
index a455d0127..201e67560 100644
--- a/rag/raptor.py
+++ b/rag/raptor.py
@@ -13,11 +13,11 @@
 #  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 #  limitations under the License.
 #
+import asyncio
 import logging
 import re
 
 import numpy as np
-import trio
 import umap
 from sklearn.mixture import GaussianMixture
 
@@ -56,37 +56,37 @@ class RecursiveAbstractiveProcessing4TreeOrganizedRetrieval:
 
     @timeout(60 * 20)
     async def _chat(self, system, history, gen_conf):
-        cached = await trio.to_thread.run_sync(lambda: get_llm_cache(self._llm_model.llm_name, system, history, gen_conf))
+        cached = await asyncio.to_thread(get_llm_cache, self._llm_model.llm_name, system, history, gen_conf)
         if cached:
             return cached
 
         last_exc = None
         for attempt in range(3):
             try:
-                response = await trio.to_thread.run_sync(lambda: self._llm_model.chat(system, history, gen_conf))
+                response = await asyncio.to_thread(self._llm_model.chat, system, history, gen_conf)
                 response = re.sub(r"^.*</think>", "", response, flags=re.DOTALL)
                 if response.find("**ERROR**") >= 0:
                     raise Exception(response)
-                await trio.to_thread.run_sync(lambda: set_llm_cache(self._llm_model.llm_name, system, response, history, gen_conf))
+                await asyncio.to_thread(set_llm_cache,self._llm_model.llm_name,system,response,history,gen_conf)
                 return response
             except Exception as exc:
                 last_exc = exc
                 logging.warning("RAPTOR LLM call failed on attempt %d/3: %s", attempt + 1, exc)
                 if attempt < 2:
-                    await trio.sleep(1 + attempt)
+                    await asyncio.sleep(1 + attempt)
 
         raise last_exc if last_exc else Exception("LLM chat failed without exception")
 
     @timeout(20)
     async def _embedding_encode(self, txt):
-        response = await trio.to_thread.run_sync(lambda: get_embed_cache(self._embd_model.llm_name, txt))
+        response = await asyncio.to_thread(get_embed_cache, self._embd_model.llm_name, txt)
         if response is not None:
             return response
-        embds, _ = await trio.to_thread.run_sync(lambda: self._embd_model.encode([txt]))
+        embds, _ = await asyncio.to_thread(self._embd_model.encode, [txt])
         if len(embds) < 1 or len(embds[0]) < 1:
             raise Exception("Embedding error: ")
         embds = embds[0]
-        await trio.to_thread.run_sync(lambda: set_embed_cache(self._embd_model.llm_name, txt, embds))
+        await asyncio.to_thread(set_embed_cache, self._embd_model.llm_name, txt, embds)
         return embds
 
     def _get_optimal_clusters(self, embeddings: np.ndarray, random_state: int, task_id: str = ""):
@@ -198,16 +198,21 @@ class RecursiveAbstractiveProcessing4TreeOrganizedRetrieval:
                 lbls = [np.where(prob > self._threshold)[0] for prob in probs]
                 lbls = [lbl[0] if isinstance(lbl, np.ndarray) else lbl for lbl in lbls]
 
-            async with trio.open_nursery() as nursery:
-                for c in range(n_clusters):
-                    ck_idx = [i + start for i in range(len(lbls)) if lbls[i] == c]
-                    assert len(ck_idx) > 0
-
-                    if task_id and has_canceled(task_id):
-                        logging.info(f"Task {task_id} cancelled before RAPTOR cluster processing.")
-                        raise TaskCanceledException(f"Task {task_id} was cancelled")
-
-                    nursery.start_soon(summarize, ck_idx)
+            tasks = []
+            for c in range(n_clusters):
+                ck_idx = [i + start for i in range(len(lbls)) if lbls[i] == c]
+                assert len(ck_idx) > 0
+                if task_id and has_canceled(task_id):
+                    logging.info(f"Task {task_id} cancelled before RAPTOR cluster processing.")
+                    raise TaskCanceledException(f"Task {task_id} was cancelled")
+                tasks.append(asyncio.create_task(summarize(ck_idx)))
+            try:
+                await asyncio.gather(*tasks, return_exceptions=False)
+            except Exception as e:
+                for t in tasks:
+                    t.cancel()
+                await asyncio.gather(*tasks, return_exceptions=True)
+                raise
 
             assert len(chunks) - end == n_clusters, "{} vs. {}".format(len(chunks) - end, n_clusters)
             labels.extend(lbls)
diff --git a/rag/svr/task_executor.py b/rag/svr/task_executor.py
index c1776c5c3..3a6d64d8c 100644
--- a/rag/svr/task_executor.py
+++ b/rag/svr/task_executor.py
@@ -920,7 +920,7 @@ async def do_handle_task(task):
         file_type = task.get("type", "")
         parser_id = task.get("parser_id", "")
         raptor_config = kb_parser_config.get("raptor", {})
-        
+
         if should_skip_raptor(file_type, parser_id, task_parser_config, raptor_config):
             skip_reason = get_skip_reason(file_type, parser_id, task_parser_config)
             logging.info(f"Skipping Raptor for document {task_document_name}: {skip_reason}")