Fix security issue: Arbitrary Code Execution via Unsanitized Dynamic Module Loading (CWE-94, CWE-829)

cognee-mcp/src/server.py

@@ -181,12 +181,46 @@ def retrieved_edges_to_string(search_results):
 
 
 def load_class(model_file, model_name):
-    model_file = os.path.abspath(model_file)
+    """
-    spec = importlib.util.spec_from_file_location("graph_model", model_file)
+    Securely loads a class from the trusted models directory.
+
+    Only allows loading Python files under the 'cognee/modules/models/' directory.
+    The model name must be a valid Python identifier, refer to a class, and be defined in the module.
+    """
+    # Define the allowed directory (patched: only allow loading models from this trusted location)
+    BASE_MODEL_DIR = os.path.abspath(
+        os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "cognee", "modules", "models")
+    )
+
+    abs_model_file = os.path.abspath(model_file)
+
+    # Check that the file is within the allowed directory (prevent path traversal and arbitrary locations)
+    if not abs_model_file.startswith(BASE_MODEL_DIR + os.sep):
+        raise ValueError("Model file must be located within the trusted models directory.")
+
+    # File must end with .py
+    if not abs_model_file.endswith(".py"):
+        raise ValueError("Model file must be a Python (.py) file.")
+
+    # File must exist
+    if not os.path.isfile(abs_model_file):
+        raise ValueError("Model file does not exist.")
+
+    # Validate class name: must be identifier
+    if not model_name or not model_name.isidentifier():
+        raise ValueError("Model class name must be a valid Python identifier.")
+
+    # Load module as before, from absolute, trusted, validated path
+    spec = importlib.util.spec_from_file_location("graph_model", abs_model_file)
     module = importlib.util.module_from_spec(spec)
     spec.loader.exec_module(module)
 
+    # Ensure the model_name exists and is a class in the module
+    if not hasattr(module, model_name):
+        raise ValueError(f"Model class '{model_name}' not found in file.")
     model_class = getattr(module, model_name)
+    if not isinstance(model_class, type):
+        raise ValueError(f"Attribute '{model_name}' is not a class.")
 
     return model_class
 
@@ -218,4 +252,4 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
         asyncio.run(main())
     except Exception as e:
         logger.error(f"Error initializing Cognee MCP server: {str(e)}")
-        raise
+        raise