feat: Add update endpoint to Cognee [COG-3016] (#1475)

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## Description
Add update method end endpoint for Cognee

## Type of Change
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- [ ] Bug fix (non-breaking change that fixes an issue)
- [x] New feature (non-breaking change that adds functionality)
- [ ] Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing
functionality to change)
- [ ] Documentation update
- [ ] Code refactoring
- [ ] Performance improvement
- [ ] Other (please specify):

## Pre-submission Checklist
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- [x] **I have tested my changes thoroughly before submitting this PR**
- [x] **This PR contains minimal changes necessary to address the
issue/feature**
- [x] My code follows the project's coding standards and style
guidelines
- [ ] I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my
feature works
- [ ] I have added necessary documentation (if applicable)
- [ ] All new and existing tests pass
- [x] I have searched existing PRs to ensure this change hasn't been
submitted already
- [ ] I have linked any relevant issues in the description
- [ ] My commits have clear and descriptive messages

## DCO Affirmation
I affirm that all code in every commit of this pull request conforms to
the terms of the Topoteretes Developer Certificate of Origin.

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cognee/api/client.py

@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ from cognee.api.v1.add.routers import get_add_router
 from cognee.api.v1.delete.routers import get_delete_router
 from cognee.api.v1.responses.routers import get_responses_router
 from cognee.api.v1.sync.routers import get_sync_router
+from cognee.api.v1.update.routers import get_update_router
 from cognee.api.v1.users.routers import (
     get_auth_router,
     get_register_router,
@@ -263,6 +264,8 @@ app.include_router(get_visualize_router(), prefix="/api/v1/visualize", tags=["vi
 
 app.include_router(get_delete_router(), prefix="/api/v1/delete", tags=["delete"])
 
+app.include_router(get_update_router(), prefix="/api/v1/update", tags=["update"])
+
 app.include_router(get_responses_router(), prefix="/api/v1/responses", tags=["responses"])
 
 app.include_router(get_sync_router(), prefix="/api/v1/sync", tags=["sync"])

cognee/api/v1/update/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+from .update import update

cognee/api/v1/update/routers/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+from .get_update_router import get_update_router

cognee/api/v1/update/routers/get_update_router.py

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+from fastapi.responses import JSONResponse
+from fastapi import File, UploadFile, Depends, Form
+from typing import Optional
+from fastapi import APIRouter
+from fastapi.encoders import jsonable_encoder
+from typing import List
+from uuid import UUID
+from cognee.shared.logging_utils import get_logger
+from cognee.modules.users.models import User
+from cognee.modules.users.methods import get_authenticated_user
+from cognee.shared.utils import send_telemetry
+from cognee.modules.pipelines.models.PipelineRunInfo import (
+    PipelineRunErrored,
+)
+
+logger = get_logger()
+
+
+def get_update_router() -> APIRouter:
+    router = APIRouter()
+
+    @router.patch("", response_model=None)
+    async def update(
+        data_id: UUID,
+        dataset_id: UUID,
+        data: List[UploadFile] = File(default=None),
+        node_set: Optional[List[str]] = Form(default=[""], example=[""]),
+        user: User = Depends(get_authenticated_user),
+    ):
+        """
+        Update data in a dataset.
+
+        This endpoint updates existing documents in a specified dataset by providing the data_id of the existing document
+        to update and the new document with the changes as the data.
+        The document is updated, analyzed, and the changes are integrated into the knowledge graph.
+
+        ## Request Parameters
+        - **data_id** (UUID): UUID of the document to update in Cognee memory
+        - **data** (List[UploadFile]): List of files to upload.
+        - **datasetId** (Optional[UUID]): UUID of an already existing dataset
+        - **node_set** Optional[list[str]]: List of node identifiers for graph organization and access control.
+                 Used for grouping related data points in the knowledge graph.
+
+        ## Response
+        Returns information about the add operation containing:
+        - Status of the operation
+        - Details about the processed data
+        - Any relevant metadata from the ingestion process
+
+        ## Error Codes
+        - **400 Bad Request**: Neither datasetId nor datasetName provided
+        - **409 Conflict**: Error during add operation
+        - **403 Forbidden**: User doesn't have permission to add to dataset
+
+        ## Notes
+        - To add data to datasets not owned by the user, use dataset_id (when ENABLE_BACKEND_ACCESS_CONTROL is set to True)
+        - datasetId value can only be the UUID of an already existing dataset
+        """
+        send_telemetry(
+            "Update API Endpoint Invoked",
+            user.id,
+            additional_properties={
+                "endpoint": "PATCH /v1/update",
+                "dataset_id": str(dataset_id),
+                "data_id": str(data_id),
+                "node_set": str(node_set),
+            },
+        )
+
+        from cognee.api.v1.update import update as cognee_update
+
+        try:
+            update_run = await cognee_update(
+                data_id=data_id,
+                data=data,
+                dataset_id=dataset_id,
+                user=user,
+                node_set=node_set,
+            )
+
+            # If any cognify run errored return JSONResponse with proper error status code
+            if any(isinstance(v, PipelineRunErrored) for v in update_run.values()):
+                return JSONResponse(status_code=420, content=jsonable_encoder(update_run))
+            return update_run
+
+        except Exception as error:
+            logger.error(f"Error during deletion by data_id: {str(error)}")
+            return JSONResponse(status_code=409, content={"error": str(error)})
+
+    return router

cognee/api/v1/update/update.py

@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+from uuid import UUID
+from typing import Union, BinaryIO, List, Optional
+
+from cognee.modules.users.models import User
+from cognee.api.v1.delete import delete
+from cognee.api.v1.add import add
+from cognee.api.v1.cognify import cognify
+
+
+async def update(
+    data_id: UUID,
+    data: Union[BinaryIO, list[BinaryIO], str, list[str]],
+    user: User = None,
+    node_set: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+    dataset_id: Optional[UUID] = None,
+    vector_db_config: dict = None,
+    graph_db_config: dict = None,
+    preferred_loaders: List[str] = None,
+    incremental_loading: bool = True,
+):
+    """
+    Update existing data in Cognee.
+
+    Supported Input Types:
+        - **Text strings**: Direct text content (str) - any string not starting with "/" or "file://"
+        - **File paths**: Local file paths as strings in these formats:
+            * Absolute paths: "/path/to/document.pdf"
+            * File URLs: "file:///path/to/document.pdf" or "file://relative/path.txt"
+            * S3 paths: "s3://bucket-name/path/to/file.pdf"
+        - **Binary file objects**: File handles/streams (BinaryIO)
+        - **Lists**: Multiple files or text strings in a single call
+
+    Supported File Formats:
+        - Text files (.txt, .md, .csv)
+        - PDFs (.pdf)
+        - Images (.png, .jpg, .jpeg) - extracted via OCR/vision models
+        - Audio files (.mp3, .wav) - transcribed to text
+        - Code files (.py, .js, .ts, etc.) - parsed for structure and content
+        - Office documents (.docx, .pptx)
+
+            Workflow:
+        1. **Data Resolution**: Resolves file paths and validates accessibility
+        2. **Content Extraction**: Extracts text content from various file formats
+        3. **Dataset Storage**: Stores processed content in the specified dataset
+        4. **Metadata Tracking**: Records file metadata, timestamps, and user permissions
+        5. **Permission Assignment**: Grants user read/write/delete/share permissions on dataset
+
+    Args:
+        data_id: UUID of existing data to update
+        data: The latest version of the data. Can be:
+            - Single text string: "Your text content here"
+            - Absolute file path: "/path/to/document.pdf"
+            - File URL: "file:///absolute/path/to/document.pdf" or "file://relative/path.txt"
+            - S3 path: "s3://my-bucket/documents/file.pdf"
+            - List of mixed types: ["text content", "/path/file.pdf", "file://doc.txt", file_handle]
+            - Binary file object: open("file.txt", "rb")
+        dataset_name: Name of the dataset to store data in. Defaults to "main_dataset".
+                    Create separate datasets to organize different knowledge domains.
+        user: User object for authentication and permissions. Uses default user if None.
+              Default user: "default_user@example.com" (created automatically on first use).
+              Users can only access datasets they have permissions for.
+        node_set: Optional list of node identifiers for graph organization and access control.
+                 Used for grouping related data points in the knowledge graph.
+        vector_db_config: Optional configuration for vector database (for custom setups).
+        graph_db_config: Optional configuration for graph database (for custom setups).
+        dataset_id: Optional specific dataset UUID to use instead of dataset_name.
+
+    Returns:
+        PipelineRunInfo: Information about the ingestion pipeline execution including:
+            - Pipeline run ID for tracking
+            - Dataset ID where data was stored
+            - Processing status and any errors
+            - Execution timestamps and metadata
+    """
+    await delete(
+        data_id=data_id,
+        dataset_id=dataset_id,
+        user=user,
+    )
+
+    await add(
+        data=data,
+        dataset_id=dataset_id,
+        user=user,
+        node_set=node_set,
+        vector_db_config=vector_db_config,
+        graph_db_config=graph_db_config,
+        preferred_loaders=preferred_loaders,
+        incremental_loading=incremental_loading,
+    )
+
+    cognify_run = await cognify(
+        datasets=[dataset_id],
+        user=user,
+        vector_db_config=vector_db_config,
+        graph_db_config=graph_db_config,
+        incremental_loading=incremental_loading,
+    )
+
+    return cognify_run