diff --git a/lightrag/lightrag.py b/lightrag/lightrag.py
index 8a638759..b6bd7f4a 100644
--- a/lightrag/lightrag.py
+++ b/lightrag/lightrag.py
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import asyncio
 import configparser
 import inspect
 import os
+import json
 import time
 import warnings
 from dataclasses import asdict, dataclass, field
@@ -117,6 +118,7 @@ from dotenv import load_dotenv
 
 # use the .env that is inside the current folder
 # allows to use different .env file for each lightrag instance
+
 # the OS environment variables take precedence over the .env file
 load_dotenv(dotenv_path=".env", override=False)
 
@@ -525,7 +527,7 @@ class LightRAG:
         logger.debug(f"LightRAG init with param:\n  {_print_config}\n")
 
         # Init Embedding
-        # Step 1: Capture max_token_size before applying decorator (decorator strips dataclass attributes)
+        # Step 1: Capture max_token_size and embedding_dim before applying decorator
         embedding_max_token_size = None
         if self.embedding_func and hasattr(self.embedding_func, "max_token_size"):
             embedding_max_token_size = self.embedding_func.max_token_size
@@ -534,6 +536,17 @@ class LightRAG:
             )
         self.embedding_token_limit = embedding_max_token_size
 
+        # Capture embedding model name before decoration so we don't lose it to wrappers
+        self.embedding_model_name = (
+            self.embedding_func.__class__.__name__ if self.embedding_func else "unknown"
+        )
+
+        # --- CAPTURE EMBEDDING DIMENSION (NEW) ---
+        self.embedding_dim = None
+        if self.embedding_func and hasattr(self.embedding_func, "embedding_dim"):
+            self.embedding_dim = self.embedding_func.embedding_dim
+        # -----------------------------------------
+
         # Step 2: Apply priority wrapper decorator
         self.embedding_func = priority_limit_async_func_call(
             self.embedding_func_max_async,
@@ -658,8 +671,56 @@ class LightRAG:
 
         self._storages_status = StoragesStatus.CREATED
 
+    def _check_embedding_config(self):
+        """
+        Validates that the current embedding dimension matches the existing data.
+        Prevents data corruption when switching models without clearing storage.
+        """
+        if self.embedding_dim is None:
+            # If we couldn't capture dimensions, skip the check to avoid blocking valid custom models
+            return
+
+        meta_file = os.path.join(self.working_dir, "lightrag_meta.json")
+
+        if os.path.exists(meta_file):
+            with open(meta_file, "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+                try:
+                    meta_data = json.load(f)
+                    saved_dim = meta_data.get("embedding_dim")
+                    saved_model = meta_data.get("embedding_model_func", "unknown")
+
+                    if saved_dim and saved_dim != self.embedding_dim:
+                        raise ValueError(
+                            f"Embedding dimension mismatch! "
+                            f"Existing data uses dimension {saved_dim} (Model: {saved_model}), "
+                            f"but current configuration uses {self.embedding_dim}. "
+                            f"Please clear the '{self.working_dir}' directory or switch back to the original model."
+                        )
+                except json.JSONDecodeError:
+                    logger.warning(
+                        f"Could not parse {meta_file}. Skipping dimension check."
+                    )
+        else:
+            # First run: Save the metadata
+            meta_data = {
+                "embedding_dim": self.embedding_dim,
+                "embedding_model_func": self.embedding_model_name,
+                "created_at": datetime.now(timezone.utc).isoformat(),
+            }
+
+            # Ensure directory exists
+            if not os.path.exists(self.working_dir):
+                os.makedirs(self.working_dir)
+
+            with open(meta_file, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+                json.dump(meta_data, f, indent=4)
+
     async def initialize_storages(self):
         """Storage initialization must be called one by one to prevent deadlock"""
+        # --- NEW SAFETY CHECK CALL ---
+        self._check_embedding_config()
+        # -----------------------------
+
         if self._storages_status == StoragesStatus.CREATED:
             # Set the first initialized workspace will set the default workspace
             # Allows namespace operation without specifying workspace for backward compatibility